Method and apparatus for dispensing a composition

ABSTRACT

A pharmaceutical dispenser including a tube having an open end and a space filled with a composition, and an applicator including a first end removably coupled to the open end of the tube and a longitudinal portion with at least one aperture is described. The dispenser can also include a removable cover extending longitudinally and having a bore surrounding the longitudinal portion of the applicator. The composition may be an anal medication. A single dosage unit of the composition is usually contained in the tube, and the tube, applicator, and cover are disposable after use. Methods of using the dispenser include squeezing the tube, allowing the composition to exit the aperture of the applicator, and applying the composition to a target area.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/649,794, filed on Jan. 5, 2007, which is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/330,889, filed on Dec. 26, 2002. These applications are incorporated herein in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to dispensers and, more particularly, to a container and applicator for dispensing a composition such as a pharmaceutical composition.

BACKGROUND

Containers used to hold compositions can perform various functions beyond that of simply housing the composition. For example, containers can be sized to dispense a specified dosage of the composition, as well as to assist in the application of the composition to a target area.

For example, in the context of medications used to treat anal ailments such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, pruritis ani and similar conditions of the anal area (collectively, “hemorrhoids”), current packaging and application methods of compositions have generally been large, re-useable, bulky tubes accompanied by screw-on, multiple use applicators. See, for example, the applicator disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,808,166 to Davidov. Treatments employing this historic methodology have generally resulted in unpleasant and inconvenient incidents for patients and potentially ineffective treatments. The unpleasant incidents include leaky and messy tubes containing the pharmaceutical compound and leaky and dirty applicators resulting from repeated use. Another inconvenience arises from the absolute necessity, for sanitary purposes, of thoroughly cleaning and drying a multiple use applicator after each treatment. Further, since the pharmaceutical is being dispensed from a large, multiple use tube, the potential for a patient to under or over-medicate his or herself exists because dosing amounts cannot be ascertained accurately.

It is therefore desirable to provide a dispenser and method for dispensing a composition that are sanitary, convenient to use, and provide accurate dosage amounts.

SUMMARY

The present invention relates to dispensers and, more particularly, to a container and applicator for dispensing a composition such as a pharmaceutical composition.

According to one aspect of the invention, a pharmaceutical dispenser includes a tube including an open end and defining a space filled with a composition, and an applicator including a first end removably coupled to the open end of the tube and longitudinal portion defining at least one aperture. The dispenser also includes a removable cover extending longitudinally and defining a bore surrounding the longitudinal portion of the applicator.

According to another aspect of the invention, a kit for application of anal medication includes a tube including an open end and defining a space filled with a composition; an applicator including a first end configured to mate with the open end of the tube and a longitudinal portion defining at least one aperture; and a sealed package defining an interior sized to accommodate the tube and the applicator.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, a method for dispensing a pharmaceutical includes: providing a tube including an open end and defining a space filled with a composition; removing a cap from the open end of the tube; mating a first end of an applicator with the open end of the tube; and dispensing the composition through an aperature defined by a longitudinal portion of the applicator onto a target area.

The above summary is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the present invention. The figures and the detailed description which follow more particularly exemplify these embodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following detailed description of various embodiments of the invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a top view of an example pharmaceutical dispenser made in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 1A is a top view of the dispenser of FIG. 1 with the cover removed;

FIG. 2 is a side view of an example container including a cap made in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the container of FIG. 2 with the cap removed;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example applicator made in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of the applicator of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an example cover made in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 of the cover of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a top view of an example package enclosing a container, an applicator, and a cover in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the package of FIG. 8; and

FIG. 10 is an end view of the package of FIG. 8.

While the disclosed subject matter is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to dispensers and, more particularly, to a container and applicator for dispensing a composition such as a pharmaceutical composition.

Generally, the present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical dispenser including a container and an applicator. The container includes an interior for holding a composition, and an open end. The applicator includes a first end coupled to the open end of the container, and at least one aperture. The composition is dispensed out of the container, through the applicator, and out the aperture to a target area.

In the examples shown, the composition may be any composition used to treat anal ailments such as, for example, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, pruritis ani and similar conditions of the anal area (collectively, “hemorrhoids”). In the embodiment shown, the composition used is AnaMantle® HC available from Kenwood Therapeutics, a division of Bradley Pharmaceuticals, Inc. of Fairfield, N.J. AnaMantle® HC contains lidocaine HCl 3% and hydrocortisone acetate 0.5% microdispersed in an AcidMantle vehicle. Lidocaine is chemically designated as acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl). Hydrocortisone acetate has a chemical name pregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione, 21-(acetyloxy)-11, 17-dihydroxy-(11β)-. Other anal medications may also be selected as the composition, as desired. The example containers described herein hold a single dosage unit of the composition to be used for the relief of symptoms common to hemorrhoids, including swelling and inflammation of the anal area and rectal discomfort and itching.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 1A, an example pharmaceutical dispenser 100 is shown. The dispenser 100 includes a container, in the illustrated embodiment a tube 110, as well as an applicator 120 and a cover 130. A first end 122 of the applicator 120 is coupled to the tube 110, and the cover 130 is coupled to and surrounds a portion of the applicator 120.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the example tube 110 is shown in more detail. The tube 110 includes an interior space 210 that is filled with the composition. A first end 220 of the tube 110 is sealed, while a second end 230 is open. The tube 110 is shown with a cap 240 screwed onto the open end 230 of the tube 110 in FIG. 2, and with the cap 240 removed in FIG. 3. With the cap 240 secured onto the open end 230 of the tube 110, the composition is maintained within the space 210 of the tube 110. When the cap 240 is removed, the tube 110 can be squeezed to dispense the composition out of the open end 230. In the example shown, the space 210 of the tube 110 is sized to hold a single dosage unit of the composition. Other dosage amounts may also be used. The example tube 110 is approximately 5.5-6.5 cm in length, although other dimensions for the tube may be used.

Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, the example applicator 120 is shown in more detail. The first end 122 of the applicator 120 is open and includes a threaded bore 510 sized to screw onto the open end 230 of the tube 110 (see FIGS. 1 and 1A). An outer surface 420 of the first end 122 is ribbed to assist a user in screwing the applicator 120 onto the tube 110. The applicator 120 also includes a longitudinal portion 430 extending from the first end 122 to a second end 432. The longitudinal portion 430 is tapered as it extends from the first end 122 to the second end 432. An aperture 434 is defined at the second end 432. Further, additional apertures 436 may be positioned about the longitudinal portion 430. In the embodiment shown, the eight apertures 436 are positioned in a staggered-pair arrangement about the longitudinal portion 430. An internal cavity 540 formed within the applicator 120 (see FIG. 5) is fluidly coupled to the threaded bore 5 10, and the apertures 434 and 436 extend through the longitudinal portion 430 into the cavity 540. A circumferential rib 450 (see FIG. 4) is positioned about the outer circumference of the longitudinal portion 430 to hold the cover 130 in position on the applicator 120, as described further below. In the example shown, the applicator 120 is made of low density polyethylene and is approximately 4.5-5.0 cm in length. Other materials and lengths may also be used.

With the applicator 120 screwed onto the tube 110 and the cover 130 is removed (see FIG. 1A), the tube 110 can be squeezed, causing the composition to exit the open end 230 of the tube 110 and enter the bore 510. As the bore 510 is filled with the composition, the composition moves into the cavity 540 and is eventually forced out of the apertures 434 and 436 and onto a target area. As described further below, the applicator 120 is advantageously shaped for applying the pharmaceutical to the target area.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, the example cover 130 is shown in more detail. The cover 130 includes an open end 610 and cavity 720 sized to fit over and accept a portion of the longitudinal portion 430 of the applicator 120 (see FIG. 1). An opposite end 612 is closed. Circumferential ribs 730, 732, and 734 are formed on the interior surface of the cavity 720. The rib 734 is positioned to pass over the rib 450 of the applicator 120 as the cover 130 is slid over the applicator and thereby hold the cover 130 onto the applicator 120 by an interference fit. An optional protrusion 740 may extend from the end 612 to engage and partially extend through the aperture 434 formed in the second end 432 of the applicator 120 to further hold the cover 130 in place. In the example shown, the cover 130 is made of low density polyethylene and is approximately 3.5-4.0 cm in length. Other materials and lengths may also be used.

The cover 130 functions to protect and maintain the applicator 120 until use. In addition, the cover 130 (as well as the protrusion 740, if included) at least partially plugs the apertures 434 and 436 of the applicator 120 to reduce an amount of the composition that escapes the applicator 120 when the cover 130 is in place. In alternative embodiments, the cover 130 need not be used.

Referring now to FIGS. 8-1 0, an example package 810 is shown to hold the tube 110, applicator 120, and cover 130 for distribution. The package includes a base 820 (approximately 86.25 mm long and 61.00 mm wide in the embodiment shown) and an upper plastic bubble 930 surrounding the components of the dispenser 100. In the example shown, the plastic bubble 930 rises approximately 17.50 mm above the base 820 and is made of 12-mil polyvinyl chloride plastic laminate. Also included in the example shown is a 1-mil child resistant aluminum foil that seals the package 810. The seal includes peelable portions 840 located at each corner of the base 820 to allow the seal to be peeled from the bubble 930 to provide access to the dispenser 100. The example package 810 can be obtained from Blispak, Inc. of Whippany, N.J., control number 2370. Another configuration for a package that may be used to house the dispenser is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,912,082 to Gerner et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference. Other configurations for packages used to hold the dispenser 100 may also be used.

An example method for using the dispenser 100 is a follows. First, the components of the dispenser 100 are removed from the package 810. Next, the cap 240 is removed from the tube 110, and the applicator 120 (with the cover 130 in place) is screwed firmly onto the open end 230 of the tube and tightened. While holding the tube 110, the cover 130 is then removed from the applicator 120, and the tube is squeezed to fill the applicator 120 until a small amount of the composition exits the apertures 434 and 436 formed in the applicator and lubricates the outer surface of the applicator 120 with the composition. Next, in the context of anal medication, the applicator is gently inserted into the anal area, and the tube 110 is squeezed as the applicator is moved around the target area. Once the application of the composition is completed, the dispenser 100, including the tube 110, the applicator 120, and the cover 130, is configured to be disposable.

There are many advantages to the dispenser 100 made in accordance with the present invention. For example, each tube can be a single-use tube that is filled with a precisely-measured single dosage unit of the composition to reduce errors associated with incorrect dosage applications. Further, because the dispenser 100 contains a single dosage unit and is disposable, it can be used for a prescribed treatment and thereafter discarded in its entirety by the user, thereby increasing sanitation. The tube is sealed, sanitary and has an easy-to-use screw-off top. The shape of the applicator, including the long, tapered longitudinal portion and smooth, closed sides allows for easy application of the composition. Further, because of the package and dispenser size, it is easily portable and can easily be carried in a user's pocket, small purse or small bag.

Although the composition has been described herein as an anal medication, it should be understood that other substances could also be used as the composition. For example, any other composition that is in a form such that it can be placed in the container and delivered by the applicator to a target area may also be used, such as other pharmaceutical agents, cosmetics, etc.

The present invention should not be considered limited to the particular examples described above, but rather should be understood to cover all aspects of the disclosed subject matter as fairly set out in the attached claims. For example, although the illustrated embodiments describe a threaded connection between the container and the applicator, other methods of connecting the two components, such as a snap-fit connection, may also be used. Various other modifications, equivalent processes, as well as numerous structures to which the present invention may be applicable will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art to which the present invention is directed upon review of the instant specification. 

1. A disposable single-use pharmaceutical dispenser for anorectal topical application, comprising: a reservoir portion defining a space, the reservoir portion being formed of a material deformable by squeezing, the reservoir portion has a length of less than approximately 5.5 to 6.5 cm; the single dosage amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising lidocaine and hydrocortisone acetate, the pharmaceutical composition substantially filling the space of the reservoir portion, the single dosage amount of the pharmaceutical composition formulated for topical non-systemic treatment of an anal ailment selected from the group consisting of hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and pruritis ani; and an applicator portion defining one or more apertures, the applicator portion having a length of approximately 4.5 to 5.0 cm, the applicator portion comprising a first end adjacent to the reservoir portion and a longitudinal portion extending away from the reservoir portion, wherein the first end is flanged outward from the longitudinal axis of the applicator portion such that the first end defines an outer diameter that is substantially greater than any outer diameter along the longitudinal portion and that is less than the outer diameter of the portion of the reservoir portion adjacent the first end, wherein the dispenser is configured, by squeezing the reservoir portion, for topically administering the single dosage amount of the pharmaceutical composition onto the surface of an anal target area afflicted by the anal ailment, wherein the squeezing causes a substantial portion of the single dosage amount of the pharmaceutical composition to be dispensed through the one or more apertures onto the anal target area, and wherein an open end of the reservoir portion is threaded for removable coupling to the applicator portion.
 2. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein an open end of the reservoir portion is threaded for removable coupling to the applicator portion and for removable coupling to a threaded cap.
 3. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein the one or more apertures comprises a plurality of apertures, the dispenser configured to dispense the composition through the plurality of apertures.
 4. The dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a sealed package defining an interior space configured to accommodate the reservoir portion and the applicator portion, wherein the package comprises a base approximately 86.25 mm long and 61.00 mm wide, wherein the sealed package comprises a blister pack having a child resistant seal, the blister pack defining a bubble that rises approximately 17.50 mm above a base of the blister pack, and wherein the dispenser is removably contained in the blister pack.
 5. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein the squeezing applies pressure in a direction not substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of a tubular portion of the reservoir portion.
 6. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein the anal target area afflicted by the anal ailment comprises an external area of an outer region of the anus having less systemic pharmaceutical receptivity than an inner region of the anus.
 7. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein the applicator portion comprises a first end adjacent to the reservoir portion and a tip opposite the first end, wherein at least one of the one or more apertures is longitudinally spaced from the tip.
 8. The dispenser of claim 7, wherein the at least one aperture longitudinally spaced from the tip is configured to dispense a portion of the composition, in a direction not substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the applicator, onto the surface of the anal target area.
 9. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein the applicator portion comprises a first end adjacent to the reservoir portion and a tip opposite the first end, wherein one of the one or more apertures is located on the tip of the applicator portion.
 10. The dispenser of claim 1, further comprising a removable cover configured to surround the longitudinal portion of the applicator portion.
 11. The dispenser of claim 10, wherein the applicator portion comprises a circumferential rib configured to engage the removable cover.
 12. The dispenser of claim 10, wherein the cover comprises a protrusion configured to removably plug one of the one or more apertures.
 13. The dispenser of claim 11, wherein the applicator portion comprises a first end adjacent to the reservoir portion and a longitudinal portion, the longitudinal portion extending away from the reservoir portion and defining an aperture at a tip opposite the first end, wherein the protrusion is configured to removably plug the aperture at the tip.
 14. The dispenser of claim 10, wherein the cover is less than approximately 4.0 cm in length.
 15. The dispenser of claim 10, wherein the cover is approximately 3-5-4.0 cm in length.
 16. The dispenser of claim 1, wherein the applicator portion is configured for removable coupling to the reservoir portion.
 17. A method for topically dispensing a single dosage amount of a pharmaceutical composition, comprising: removing a covering from an applicator portion of a disposable dispenser, the dispenser also forming a reservoir portion, the reservoir portion being formed from a material deformable by squeezing, the reservoir portion defining a space containing a single dosage amount of a pharmaceutical composition formulated for the topical treatment of an anal ailment selected from the group consisting of hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and pruritis ani, the pharmaceutical composition comprising lidocaine and hydrocortisone acetate; inserting the applicator portion into an anal area of an anus, the applicator portion defining one or more apertures and having a length of less than approximately 5.0 cm; topically administering the single dosage amount of the pharmaceutical composition onto the surface of an anal target area afflicted by the anal ailment by dispensing a substantial portion of the single dosage amount through one or more apertures defined by an applicator portion of the dispenser, wherein the dispensing step is carried out by squeezing the reservoir portion to cause at least the substantial portion of the single dosage amount to dispense from the one or more apertures; and discarding the dispenser after use.
 18. A kit for topical application of anal medication, the kit comprising: a disposable dispenser comprising: a reservoir portion less than approximately 6.5 cm in length, the reservoir portion defining a space, the reservoir portion formed from a material deformable by squeezing; a single dosage amount of a pharmaceutical composition formulated for the topical treatment of an anal ailment selected from the group consisting of hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and pruritis ani, the single dosage amount substantially filling the space and comprising lidocaine and hydrocortisone acetate; and an applicator portion less than approximately 5.0 cm in length comprising a first end adjacent the reservoir portion and a longitudinal portion defining at least one aperture, the first end being flanged outward from the longitudinal axis of the applicator portion such that the first end defines an outer diameter that is substantially greater than any outer diameter of the longitudinal portion and that is less than the outer diameter of the portion of the reservoir portion adjacent the first end, the longitudinal portion being tapered from the first end to an opposite end of the longitudinal portion; a removable cover configured to surround the longitudinal portion of the applicator portion; and a blister pack defining an interior configured to accommodate the reservoir portion, the applicator portion, and the removable cover, the blister pack having a child resistant seal, wherein the dispenser is configured, by squeezing the reservoir portion, for topically administering the single dosage amount of the pharmaceutical composition onto the surface of an anal target area afflicted by the anal ailment, wherein the squeezing applies pressure in a direction not substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reservoir portion and causes a substantial portion of the single dosage amount of the pharmaceutical composition to dispense from the at least one aperture onto the anal target area. 